{"id":31116,"date":"2025-08-12T10:00:46","date_gmt":"2025-08-12T07:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/chirurgia-de-protezare-a-umarului\/"},"modified":"2026-04-01T10:25:30","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T07:25:30","slug":"chirurgia-de-protezare-a-umarului","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/chirurgia-de-protezare-a-umarului\/","title":{"rendered":"Chirurgia de Protezare a Um\u0103rului"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Artroplastia de um\u0103r<\/strong> este o opera\u021bie efectuat\u0103 pentru a restabili func\u021bia articular\u0103 \u0219i mi\u0219carea f\u0103r\u0103 durere atunci c\u00e2nd cartilajul articula\u021biei um\u0103rului este grav deteriorat sau \u00een cazul fracturilor severe ale capului humeral (extremitatea superioar\u0103 a osului bra\u021bului). <strong>Scopul este de a reduce\/elimina durerea \u0219i de a restabili func\u021bia \u00een activit\u0103\u021bile zilnice.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe title=\"Shoulder Joint Replacement\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"220\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ypo.education\/c-MjQ3MzA4OA==\/orthopaedics\/joint-replacement\/shoulder-joint-replacement-t415\/video\/?embed=1\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>C\u00e2nd este necesar\u0103 artroplastia de um\u0103r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Artroplastia de um\u0103r este luat\u0103 \u00een considerare atunci c\u00e2nd s-au dezvoltat leziuni ireversibile pe suprafe\u021bele articulare \u0219i a ap\u0103rut durerea care afecteaz\u0103 via\u021ba de zi cu zi. Principalele afec\u021biuni care pot provoca aceste leziuni includ:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Osteoartrita (Artrita degenerativ\u0103):<\/strong> Artrita um\u0103rului reprezint\u0103 uzura cartilajului articular din cauza v\u00e2rstei \u0219i a utiliz\u0103rii. Aceasta duce la contact os pe os \u0219i durere semnificativ\u0103. Mi\u0219carea um\u0103rului devine restric\u021bionat\u0103, iar activit\u0103\u021bile zilnice devin mai dificile.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/rupturi-ale-tendonului-supraspinos\/\">Rupturi ale coafei rotatorilor<\/a>:<\/strong> Dac\u0103 o ruptur\u0103\u2014\u00een special a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/rupturi-ale-tendonului-supraspinos\/\">tendonului supraspinos<\/a>\u2014nu este reparat\u0103 la timp, aceasta \u00ee\u0219i poate pierde \u0219ansa de reparare. Acest lucru poate crea un dezechilibru mecanic \u0219i, \u00een timp, leziuni cartilaginoase la nivelul articula\u021biei, care la unii pacien\u021bi pot progresa p\u00e2n\u0103 la un nivel care necesit\u0103 artroplastie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fracturi de um\u0103r:<\/strong> \u00cen special la pacien\u021bii v\u00e2rstnici cu osteoporoz\u0103, fracturile complexe, cominutive care implic\u0103 capul humeral (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/fractura-de-humerus-proximal\/\">fracturi de humerus proximal<\/a>) pot s\u0103 nu fie fixabile, sau func\u021bia complet\u0103 s\u0103 nu poat\u0103 fi recuperat\u0103 dup\u0103 vindecare. \u00cen astfel de cazuri, artroplastia devine o op\u021biune.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Boli reumatice inflamatorii:<\/strong> \u00cen afec\u021biunile \u00een care sistemul imunitar atac\u0103 structurile articulare\u2014cum ar fi artrita reumatoid\u0103\u2014cartilajul articular \u0219i osul subcondral pot fi distruse \u00een timp.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Necroza avascular\u0103 (Osteonecroza):<\/strong> Atunci c\u00e2nd capul humeral nu prime\u0219te suficient flux sanguin, \u021besutul osos \u00ee\u0219i pierde viabilitatea. Osul se poate pr\u0103bu\u0219i \u0219i anatomia articular\u0103 se deterioreaz\u0103, ceea ce poate necesita artroplastie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Care sunt tipurile de artroplastie de um\u0103r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Artroplastia de um\u0103r poate fi efectuat\u0103 cu diferite tehnici, \u00een func\u021bie de simptome, gradul de deteriorare a articula\u021biei \u0219i starea \u021besuturilor moi (\u00een special a coafei rotatorilor). Ast\u0103zi, exist\u0103 patru tipuri principale de proteze de um\u0103r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Artroplastia Total\u0103 (Anatomic\u0103) de Um\u0103r<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/artoscopia-umarului\/\">Artroplastia total\u0103 de um\u0103r<\/a><\/strong> \u00eenlocuie\u0219te at\u00e2t capul humeral, c\u00e2t \u0219i cavitatea glenoid\u0103 cu componente artificiale. Este una dintre cele mai frecvent utilizate metode.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen aceast\u0103 metod\u0103:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>O bil\u0103 metalic\u0103 lustruit\u0103 \u00eenlocuie\u0219te capul humeral.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>O c\u0103ptu\u0219eal\u0103 din plastic (polietilen\u0103) este plasat\u0103 pe suprafa\u021ba glenoid\u0103.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00cen func\u021bie de calitatea osului, implanturile pot fi inserate cimentate sau necimentate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cui i se potrive\u0219te?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pacien\u021bilor cu dureri de um\u0103r legate de osteoartrit\u0103,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Celor cu o coaf\u0103 a rotatorilor intact\u0103,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pacien\u021bilor cu un stoc osos adecvat \u00een articula\u021bie\u2014o op\u021biune ideal\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Avantaj:<\/strong><br>Reduce durerea \u0219i vizeaz\u0103 restabilirea amplitudinii de mi\u0219care a um\u0103rului la cel mai bun nivel posibil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Artroplastia Par\u021bial\u0103 de Um\u0103r (Hemiartroplastia)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/terapia-cu-celule-stem\/\">artroplastia par\u021bial\u0103 de um\u0103r<\/a><\/strong>, doar capul humeral este \u00eenlocuit; suprafa\u021ba glenoid\u0103 este p\u0103strat\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C\u00e2nd este preferat\u0103?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00cen special atunci c\u00e2nd exist\u0103 o <strong>fractur\u0103 cominutiv\u0103 a capului humeral<\/strong>, dar suprafa\u021ba glenoid\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2ne intact\u0103,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sau c\u00e2nd <strong>stocul osos glenoid este sever compromis<\/strong> \u0219i o protez\u0103 total\u0103 nu poate fi implantat\u0103,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00cen plus, \u00een unele <strong>rupturi ale coafei rotatorilor<\/strong>, poate fi aleas\u0103 pentru a cre\u0219te capacitatea de preluare a sarcinii.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Totu\u0219i, re\u021bine\u021bi c\u0103 <strong>dac\u0103 ligamentul coracoacromial este deficitar<\/strong>, \u00eenlocuirea par\u021bial\u0103 nu este recomandat\u0103, deoarece absen\u021ba sa poate duce la instabilitate protetic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Avantaj:<\/strong><br>Este o interven\u021bie chirurgical\u0103 mai conservatoare \u0219i ajut\u0103 la p\u0103strarea unei cantit\u0103\u021bi mai mari de os, \u00een special la pacien\u021bii mai tineri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Hemiartroplastia de Resuprafa\u021bare<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hemiartroplastia de resuprafa\u021bare<\/strong> este o tehnic\u0103 mai pu\u021bin invaziv\u0103 utilizat\u0103 pentru a trata leziunile cartilaginoase ale capului humeral. \u00cen loc de un implant cu tij\u0103, o \u201ecup\u0103\u201d metalic\u0103 este fixat\u0103 peste suprafa\u021ba capului humeral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cui i se potrive\u0219te?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pacien\u021bilor cu o suprafa\u021b\u0103 glenoid\u0103 intact\u0103,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>F\u0103r\u0103 fractur\u0103 acut\u0103 a capului humeral,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pacien\u021bilor tineri, activi, care caut\u0103 o procedur\u0103 de <strong>conservare a osului<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Avantaj:<\/strong><br>P\u0103streaz\u0103 mai mult os \u0219i, dac\u0103 este necesar, conversia la o protez\u0103 total\u0103 este, \u00een general, mai u\u0219oar\u0103 \u00een viitor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Artroplastia Invers\u0103 de Um\u0103r<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/artroplastia-inversa-de-umar\/\">Artroplastia invers\u0103 de um\u0103r<\/a><\/strong> difer\u0103 de sistemele clasice prin modificarea biomecanicii um\u0103rului:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>O bil\u0103 metalic\u0103 este fixat\u0103 pe glenoid\u0103,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>O cup\u0103 de plastic este implantat\u0103 pe humerus.<br>Aceast\u0103 construc\u021bie inversat\u0103 permite mu\u0219chiului deltoid s\u0103 ac\u021bioneze um\u0103rul.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C\u00e2nd este preferat\u0103?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Atunci c\u00e2nd coafa rotatorilor \u0219i-a pierdut func\u021bia din cauza rupturii,<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00cen artropatia cu ruptur\u0103 de coaf\u0103 cu artrit\u0103 avansat\u0103,<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00e2nd o artroplastie anterioar\u0103 a e\u0219uat,<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00cen fracturile complexe, cominutive ale capului humeral,<\/strong> proteza invers\u0103 este favorizat\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Avantaj:<\/strong><br>Prin modificarea sistemului de p\u00e2rghii, permite ridicarea bra\u021bului chiar \u0219i \u00een cazurile \u00een care o protez\u0103 total\u0103 clasic\u0103 nu ar reu\u0219i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru detalii: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/artroplastia-inversa-de-umar\/\">Consulta\u021bi pagina Artroplastia Invers\u0103 de Um\u0103r.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ce Protez\u0103 de Um\u0103r este Potrivit\u0103 pentru Dumneavoastr\u0103?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alegerea protezei depinde de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tipul \u0219i extinderea leziunilor articulare,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Integritatea coafei rotatorilor,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Starea osului (glenoid\u0103 \u0219i humerus),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u00e2rsta, nivelul de activitate \u0219i starea general\u0103 de s\u0103n\u0103tate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aceast\u0103 decizie trebuie luat\u0103 de un chirurg ortoped experimentat, dup\u0103 o evaluare clinic\u0103 \u0219i radiologic\u0103 am\u0103nun\u021bit\u0103. Participarea pacientului este esen\u021bial\u0103\u2014\u00een\u021belegerea implantului ales \u0219i a motivelor conteaz\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Cum se efectueaz\u0103 Artroplastia de Um\u0103r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Interven\u021bia chirurgical\u0103 este cel mai adesea efectuat\u0103 sub anestezie general\u0103.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00cen artroplastia total\u0103 de um\u0103r<\/strong>, capul humeral este rezecat; o tij\u0103 humeral\u0103 \u0219i un cap sunt implantate, iar o component\u0103 de dimensiuni \u0219i orientare adecvate este plasat\u0103 pe glenoid\u0103.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00cen artroplastia par\u021bial\u0103 de um\u0103r<\/strong>, doar partea humeral\u0103 este \u00eenlocuit\u0103; suprafa\u021ba glenoid\u0103 este p\u0103strat\u0103.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00cen func\u021bie de calitatea osului \u0219i preferin\u021ba chirurgului, implanturile pot fi fixate <strong>cimentate sau necimentate<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Evolu\u021bia Postoperatorie Dup\u0103 Artroplastia de Um\u0103r<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Succesul artroplastiei de um\u0103r depinde nu doar de o opera\u021bie bine executat\u0103, ci \u0219i de un <strong>program de reabilitare planificat \u0219i disciplinat<\/strong> ulterior. Programul este individualizat \u00een func\u021bie de tipul protezei, starea coafei rotatorilor \u0219i s\u0103n\u0103tatea general\u0103 a pacientului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Primele Zile Dup\u0103 Externare<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Utilizarea unei orteze de bra\u021b<\/strong> este, \u00een general, recomandat\u0103 pentru 2 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 6 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni, \u00een func\u021bie de procedur\u0103 \u0219i preferin\u021ba chirurgului.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Orteza protejeaz\u0103 um\u0103rul \u0219i sus\u021bine vindecarea timpurie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Incizia este de obicei \u00eenchis\u0103 cu suturi subcutanate absorbabile sau agrafe externe. Agrafele sunt \u00eendep\u0103rtate \u00een c\u00e2teva s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni; suturile absorbabile nu necesit\u0103 interven\u021bie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Evita\u021bi udarea pl\u0103gii; proteja\u021bi-o la du\u0219 p\u00e2n\u0103 la vindecarea complet\u0103 \u0219i continua\u021bi pansamentele pentru a preveni irita\u021bia cauzat\u0103 de haine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exerci\u021bii la Domiciliu \u0219i Revenirea la Activit\u0103\u021bile Zilnice<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen primele s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni, este important s\u0103 <strong>mi\u0219ca\u021bi um\u0103rul \u00een limite nedureroase \u0219i sigure<\/strong>. Urma\u021bi cu consecven\u021b\u0103 programul de exerci\u021bii la domiciliu prescris de kinetoterapeutul sau chirurgul dumneavoastr\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Faze Generale de Reabilitare<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>S\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nile 0\u20133:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Controlul durerii \u0219i al umfl\u0103turilor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ini\u021bierea mi\u0219c\u0103rii pasive (ex: exerci\u021bii pendulare)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Utilizarea ortezei<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>S\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nile 3\u20136:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tranzi\u021bia la mi\u0219carea activ\u0103-asistat\u0103 controlat\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Independen\u021b\u0103 \u00een activit\u0103\u021bile zilnice de baz\u0103 (m\u00e2ncat, \u00eembr\u0103cat)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>S\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nile 6\u201312:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cre\u0219terea mi\u0219c\u0103rii active<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00cenceperea exerci\u021biilor u\u0219oare de \u00eent\u0103rire<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Renun\u021barea la atel\u0103<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dup\u0103 Luna 3:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00cent\u0103rire func\u021bional\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Revenirea la munc\u0103 \u0219i adaptarea la activit\u0103\u021bile zilnice<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sporturile de contact sau ridicarea de greut\u0103\u021bi mari sunt planificate individual<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ce trebuie \u0219i ce nu trebuie f\u0103cut dup\u0103 artroplastia de um\u0103r<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ce trebuie f\u0103cut&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Respecta\u021bi programul de exerci\u021bii recomandat de chirurgul\/fizioterapeutul dumneavoastr\u0103.<br>Exerci\u021biile pot fi efectuate de 2-3 ori pe zi \u0219i pot continua timp de mai multe luni.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dac\u0103 este necesar, apela\u021bi la ajutorul unui fizioterapeut la domiciliu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ce nu trebuie f\u0103cut<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nu v\u0103 l\u0103sa\u021bi \u00een\u0219ela\u021bi de mi\u0219carea f\u0103r\u0103 durere la \u00eenceput; suprasolicitarea poate provoca rigiditate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Evita\u021bi s\u0103 conduce\u021bi timp de 2 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 6 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni<\/strong> postoperator.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sporturile de contact sau ridicarea repetitiv\u0103 de greut\u0103\u021bi mari pot reduce longevitatea implantului.<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:post-content --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A\u0219tept\u0103ri postoperatorii<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Majoritatea pacien\u021bilor:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Revin la auto\u00eengrijirea zilnic\u0103 (m\u00e2ncat, \u00eembr\u0103cat, igien\u0103 personal\u0103) \u00een primele s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni,<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Experimenteaz\u0103 <strong>semnificativ mai pu\u021bin\u0103 durere<\/strong> comparativ cu perioada preoperatorie,<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>\u00cenregistreaz\u0103 progrese notabile \u00een <strong>amplitudinea de mi\u0219care \u0219i for\u021ba um\u0103rului<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Se bucur\u0103 de o \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire semnificativ\u0103 a calit\u0103\u021bii vie\u021bii.<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Riscuri posibile ale artroplastiei de um\u0103r<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Infec\u021bie<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Sl\u0103birea implantului, dislocare\/instabilitate<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Rigiditate a um\u0103rului<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Leziuni nervoase-vasculare (rare)<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Fracturi periprotetice<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>S\u00e2ngerare, hematom<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Uzura pe termen lung \u0219i necesitatea unei revizii<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Longevitatea implantului<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Tipul implantului, tehnica chirurgical\u0103, biomecanica um\u0103rului \u0219i nivelul de activitate al pacientului influen\u021beaz\u0103 longevitatea. Uzura \u0219i sl\u0103birea pot ap\u0103rea de-a lungul anilor, caz \u00een care poate fi necesar\u0103 o <strong>interven\u021bie chirurgical\u0103 de revizie<\/strong>. (Acest lucru este \u00een linii mari similar cu principiile din artroplastiile totale de genunchi \u0219i ale altor articula\u021bii majore; putem ad\u0103uga intervale bazate pe experien\u021b\u0103, dac\u0103 dori\u021bi.)<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u00centreb\u0103ri frecvente despre artroplastia de um\u0103r<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:rank-math\/faq-block {\"questions\":[{\"id\":\"faq-question-1\",\"title\":\"Care este diferen\u021ba cheie \u00eentre artroplastia total\u0103 \u0219i cea par\u021bial\u0103 de um\u0103r?\",\"content\":\"\u00cen artroplastia total\u0103, at\u00e2t capul humeral, c\u00e2t \u0219i suprafa\u021ba glenoid\u0103 sunt \u00eenlocuite; \u00een artroplastia par\u021bial\u0103, doar capul humeral este re\u00eennoit. Artroplastia par\u021bial\u0103 este adesea preferat\u0103 pentru fracturile complexe ale capului humeral; cea total\u0103 este preferat\u0103 pentru osteoartrita avansat\u0103, etc.\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-question-2\",\"title\":\"Um\u0103rul meu va fi complet normal dup\u0103 opera\u021bie?\",\"content\":\"Scopul este controlul durerii \u0219i o \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire func\u021bional\u0103 semnificativ\u0103; majoritatea pacien\u021bilor revin la activit\u0103\u021bile zilnice cu mult mai pu\u021bin\u0103 durere \u0219i o func\u021bie mai bun\u0103. Cu toate acestea, biomecanica um\u0103rului \u0219i starea man\u0219etei rotatorilor influen\u021beaz\u0103 rezultatul final.\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-question-3\",\"title\":\"C\u00e2t dureaz\u0103 fizioterapia dup\u0103 artroplastia de um\u0103r?\",\"content\":\"Mi\u0219carea pasiv\u0103 \u00eencepe devreme; mi\u0219carea activ\u0103 \u0219i \u00eent\u0103rirea sunt introduse \u00eentre s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nile 6-12. Recuperarea func\u021bional\u0103 complet\u0103 poate dura 3-6 luni (variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de pacient \u0219i tehnic\u0103).\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-question-4\",\"title\":\"La ce v\u00e2rst\u0103 se efectueaz\u0103 artroplastia de um\u0103r?\",\"content\":\"Mai importante dec\u00e2t v\u00e2rsta cronologic\u0103 sunt durerea, pierderea func\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i severitatea radiografic\u0103. Cu indica\u021bii corespunz\u0103toare, poate fi efectuat\u0103 at\u00e2t la pacien\u021bi v\u00e2rstnici, dar activi, c\u00e2t \u0219i la pacien\u021bi mai tineri cu leziuni severe ale cartilajului.\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-question-5\",\"title\":\"C\u00e2t dureaz\u0103 un implant de um\u0103r? Voi avea nevoie de o alt\u0103 opera\u021bie?\",\"content\":\"Uzura\/sl\u0103birea pot ap\u0103rea \u00een timp; o revizie poate fi apoi necesar\u0103. Longevitatea medie este, \u00een general, de 10-15 ani sau mai mult.\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-question-6\",\"title\":\"Dup\u0103 o artroplastie par\u021bial\u0103, a\u0219 putea avea nevoie ulterior de conversie la una total\u0103?\",\"content\":\"Dac\u0103 artrita la nivelul glenei progreseaz\u0103 \u00een timp, cu durere crescut\u0103 \u0219i pierdere func\u021bional\u0103, poate fi necesar\u0103 o revizie\/conversie.\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-question-7\",\"title\":\"Pot practica sporturi dup\u0103 artroplastia de um\u0103r?\",\"content\":\"Activit\u0103\u021bile care nu suprasolicit\u0103 articula\u021bia \u2013 cum ar fi \u00eenotul \u0219i antrenamentul de rezisten\u021b\u0103 u\u0219or-moderat \u2013 sunt de obicei fezabile. Sporturile de contact \u0219i ridicarea de greut\u0103\u021bi mari sunt evaluate individual.\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-question-8\",\"title\":\"Ce tip de anestezie se utilizeaz\u0103?\",\"content\":\"De obicei anestezie general\u0103; blocajele regionale adjuvante (de exemplu, interscalenic) pot fi utilizate pentru controlul durerii postoperatorii.\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-question-9\",\"title\":\"C\u00e2nd pot conduce sau reveni la munc\u0103?\",\"content\":\"Depinde de procedur\u0103, dac\u0103 este bra\u021bul dominant \u0219i de cerin\u021bele locului de munc\u0103; majoritatea cazurilor au restric\u021bii \u00een primele 6-8 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni.\",\"visible\":true}]} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-faq-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-faq-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Care este diferen\u021ba cheie \u00eentre artroplastia total\u0103 \u0219i cea par\u021bial\u0103 de um\u0103r?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\u00cen artroplastia total\u0103, at\u00e2t capul humeral, c\u00e2t \u0219i suprafa\u021ba glenoid\u0103 sunt \u00eenlocuite; \u00een artroplastia par\u021bial\u0103, doar capul humeral este re\u00eennoit. Artroplastia par\u021bial\u0103 este adesea preferat\u0103 pentru fracturile complexe ale capului humeral; cea total\u0103 este preferat\u0103 pentru osteoartrita avansat\u0103, etc.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rank-math-faq-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Um\u0103rul meu va fi complet normal dup\u0103 opera\u021bie?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">Scopul este controlul durerii \u0219i o \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire func\u021bional\u0103 semnificativ\u0103; majoritatea pacien\u021bilor revin la activit\u0103\u021bile zilnice cu mult mai pu\u021bin\u0103 durere \u0219i o func\u021bie mai bun\u0103. Cu toate acestea, biomecanica um\u0103rului \u0219i starea man\u0219etei rotatorilor influen\u021beaz\u0103 rezultatul final.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rank-math-faq-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">C\u00e2t dureaz\u0103 fizioterapia dup\u0103 artroplastia de um\u0103r?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">Mi\u0219carea pasiv\u0103 \u00eencepe devreme; mi\u0219carea activ\u0103 \u0219i \u00eent\u0103rirea sunt introduse \u00eentre s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nile 6-12. Recuperarea func\u021bional\u0103 complet\u0103 poate dura 3-6 luni (variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de pacient \u0219i tehnic\u0103).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rank-math-faq-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">La ce v\u00e2rst\u0103 se efectueaz\u0103 artroplastia de um\u0103r?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">Mai importante dec\u00e2t v\u00e2rsta cronologic\u0103 sunt durerea, pierderea func\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i severitatea radiografic\u0103. Cu indica\u021bii corespunz\u0103toare, poate fi efectuat\u0103 at\u00e2t la pacien\u021bi v\u00e2rstnici, dar activi, c\u00e2t \u0219i la pacien\u021bi mai tineri cu leziuni severe ale cartilajului.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rank-math-faq-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">C\u00e2t dureaz\u0103 un implant de um\u0103r? Voi avea nevoie de o alt\u0103 opera\u021bie?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">Uzura\/sl\u0103birea pot ap\u0103rea \u00een timp; o revizie poate fi apoi necesar\u0103. Longevitatea medie este, \u00een general, de 10-15 ani sau mai mult.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rank-math-faq-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Dup\u0103 o artroplastie par\u021bial\u0103, a\u0219 putea avea nevoie ulterior de conversie la una total\u0103?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">Dac\u0103 artrita la nivelul glenei progreseaz\u0103 \u00een timp, cu durere crescut\u0103 \u0219i pierdere func\u021bional\u0103, poate fi necesar\u0103 o revizie\/conversie.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rank-math-faq-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Pot practica sporturi dup\u0103 artroplastia de um\u0103r?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">Activit\u0103\u021bile care nu suprasolicit\u0103 articula\u021bia \u2013 cum ar fi \u00eenotul \u0219i antrenamentul de rezisten\u021b\u0103 u\u0219or-moderat \u2013 sunt de obicei fezabile. Sporturile de contact \u0219i ridicarea de greut\u0103\u021bi mari sunt evaluate individual.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rank-math-faq-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Ce tip de anestezie se utilizeaz\u0103?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">De obicei anestezie general\u0103; blocajele regionale adjuvante (de exemplu, interscalenic) pot fi utilizate pentru controlul durerii postoperatorii.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rank-math-faq-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">C\u00e2nd pot conduce sau reveni la munc\u0103?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">Depinde de procedur\u0103, dac\u0103 este bra\u021bul dominant \u0219i de cerin\u021bele locului de munc\u0103; majoritatea cazurilor au restric\u021bii \u00een primele 6-8 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:rank-math\/faq-block --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Concluzie<\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Artroplastia de um\u0103r implic\u0103 \u00eenlocuirea unei articula\u021bii a um\u0103rului grav uzate sau fracturate cu componente artificiale pentru a ameliora durerea \u0219i a restabili func\u021bia. Alegerea depinde de problema subiacent\u0103: dac\u0103 man\u0219eta rotatorilor este intact\u0103, se prefer\u0103 o <strong>artroplastie anatomic\u0103 (total\u0103)<\/strong>; dac\u0103 doar capul humeral este deteriorat, o <strong>artroplastie par\u021bial\u0103<\/strong> poate fi potrivit\u0103; dac\u0103 man\u0219eta este nefunc\u021bional\u0103, se ia \u00een considerare o <strong>artroplastie invers\u0103<\/strong> care modific\u0103 mecanica articula\u021biei.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Obiectivul principal este de a permite pacien\u021bilor s\u0103 efectueze activit\u0103\u021bile zilnice f\u0103r\u0103 durere. Succesul depinde nu doar de tehnica chirurgical\u0103, ci \u0219i de un program de fizioterapie meticulos, de lung\u0103 durat\u0103, dup\u0103 opera\u021bie. Reabilitarea consecvent\u0103 este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru a men\u021bine \u0219i a \u00eent\u0103ri mi\u0219carea rec\u00e2\u0219tigat\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Artroplastia de um\u0103r nu este o opera\u021bie de tip \u201eo singur\u0103 m\u0103rime se potrive\u0219te tuturor\u201d. Succesul depinde de potrivirea diagnosticului corect cu implantul potrivit. De exemplu, utilizarea unei proteze inverse la un pacient cu man\u0219eta rotatorilor intact\u0103 este la fel de nepotrivit\u0103 ca plasarea unei proteze anatomice la un pacient cu o man\u0219et\u0103 complet rupt\u0103. Prin urmare, experien\u021ba chirurgului \u0219i o evaluare detaliat\u0103 sunt esen\u021biale.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Ameliorarea precoce a durerii postoperatorii nu ar trebui s\u0103 induc\u0103 \u00een eroare; vindecarea este un proces. Respectarea strict\u0103 a planului de exerci\u021bii \u0219i a restric\u021biilor afecteaz\u0103 direct longevitatea \u0219i succesul implantului. Scopul nu este revenirea la sporturi intense, ci atingerea unei vie\u021bi cotidiene confortabile, f\u0103r\u0103 durere.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>V\u0103 mul\u021bumim c\u0103 a\u021bi citit acest articol detaliat \u0219i informativ.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Pentru o evaluare individualizat\u0103 \u0219i pentru a determina cel mai potrivit tratament pentru dumneavoastr\u0103, v\u0103 rug\u0103m s\u0103 contacta\u021bi pe <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Utku Erdem \u00d6zer<\/a><\/strong>. Pentru mai multe informa\u021bii, pute\u021bi utiliza <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/contact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">canalele noastre de contact<\/a><\/strong> sau <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/faceti-o-programare\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">s\u0103 programa\u021bi o consulta\u021bie<\/a><\/strong> direct.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Artroplastia de um\u0103r este o opera\u021bie efectuat\u0103 pentru a restabili func\u021bia articular\u0103 \u0219i mi\u0219carea f\u0103r\u0103 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26531,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[132],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31116","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-132"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31116"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31116\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33134,"href":"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31116\/revisions\/33134"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26531"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31116"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.utkuerdemozer.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}